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a node degree of five and four access-metro possible to maintain communication. On ring
edge nodes having a node degree of two, networks, as only one node communicates
allowing a ring-meshed metro network with the other networks, the network is isolated

topology. and unavailable in case of failure.
The main difference between the horseshoe

and ring network is in the communication of Conclusion
the nodes N2 and its communication with the With the rapid growth of traffic on the
link to the core network. As it is open, the network, the addition of L-band to the

horseshoe network is similar to a chain existing C-band is seen as a solution to
network. In a ring network, only one node in the overcome the problems existing on the
core is connected to the metro network, network. Also, the study of horseshoe
whereas in a horseshoe network, two nodes N2 architecture in MAN networks allows to

are connected. increase redundancy in networks,

In the horseshoe network, the two nodes N2 compared to the ring ones. These two
communicate with the mesh network, i.e., with factors allow networks to evolve in a way
the network interface. The connection that does not harm the consumer
between N2-N2 does not follow the optical experience.

path of the entire network so that
communication can take place on another Filipa Gomes
network. These characteristics make it NOS Alfa Tech trainee

possible to Introduce redundancy in the Fiber centric | Planeamento
e Gestão @NOS SGPS
network and, therefore, in failure situations, it is Perfil | Profile

References
(1) J. A. Hernandez, M. Quagliotti, L. Serra, L. Luque, R. L. D. Silva, A. Rafel, O. G. D. Dios, V. Lopez, A. Eira, R.
Casellas, A. Lord, J. Pedro, and D. Larrabeiti, “Comprehensive model for technoeconomic studies of next-
generation central offices for metro networks,” Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol. 12,
no. 12, pp. 414–427, Dec. 2020.

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